Ballooning is part of Documenting Part Drawing in Manufacturing. Each of the Dimension in your drawing is given a Unique ID (Balloon Number) – Which is used further in Document. While you are referring document and drawing together, it becomes easy to co-relate them.

PPAP is acronym for Production Part Approval Process. The PPAP is a standardized process in the manufacturing industries that helps manufacturers and suppliers communicate and approve production designs and processes before, during, and after manufacturing Parts.

The Initial Sample Inspection Report (ISIR) is an important document that records the “initial sample” test results in the sampling process. It is always a better practice to submit initial samples for customer review before a product goes into series production. This first product batch is called an initial sample. ISIR is the evidence that the delivered products meet the customer’s quality requirements.

A first article inspection (FAI) is a design verification and design history file and a formal method of providing a reported measurement for each manufactured feature of a part or assembly. Typically, the supplier performs the FAI and the purchaser reviews or approves the report.

Describing a process using list of tasks, and their sequence is called Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs). When Process Flow Diagrams are represented in a graphical way, it becomes easy for the readers. Best Manufacturing engineering Practices will have PFD for both Manufacturing the product and Testing the Manufactured Item.

Companies will often use computer-aided design (CAD) software to help with the creation, modification, analysis, and optimisation of a design, In the manufacturing industry.

Many Drawings are available as PDF Documents. When a drawing file is created by converting PDF documents using PDF Import Facility within CAD Package, all the entities get converted as Drawing, In spite of that Drawings Loose Intelligence in many cases. During Conversion, Texts and Symbols become Simple Polyline Entities. This type of conversion has a lot of limitation.

GD & T is a system for defining and communicating engineering tolerances. It uses symbolic language on engineering drawings and computer-generated three-dimensional solid models that explicitly describe nominal geometry and its allowable variation. It tells the manufacturing staff and machines what degree of accuracy and precision is needed on each part’s-controlled feature. GD&T is used to define the nominal (theoretically perfect) geometry of parts and assemblies, define the allowable variation in form and possible size of individual features, and define the acceptable variation between components.

A Feature Control Frame is used in GD & T to describe the conditions and tolerances of a geometric control on a part's feature.

Typically Feature Control Frame is made up of 4 Parts

• GD&T symbol (Also known as control symbol)
• Tolerance zone type and dimensions
• Tolerance zone modifiers - such as features of size
• Datum references (As required by the GD&T Symbol)

To determine if the part is as in specification, all the information you need to measure the geometric tolerance of the part's features is represented in Feature Control Frame.

Typical Feature Control Frame

Example of a feature control frame used in CAD (Computer-aided Design) blueprints to describe geometric control conditions and tolerances.

Leader Arrow

The arrow relating to the Feature control frame is optional and may not be present for some of the drawings' features. Suppose the axis is controlled by GD & T then Leader to be pointing on Diametric Dimension. Suppose the surface finish is controlled by GD & T then Leader to be pointing on Surface.

Machine learning is a method of data analysis that automates analytical model building. It is a branch of artificial intelligence based on the idea that systems can learn from data, identify patterns and make decisions with minimal human intervention.

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. The term may also be applied to any machine that exhibits traits associated with a human mind, such as learning and problem-solving.